Lesson 1: Introduction to Trauma
Definition of Trauma
- Trauma is a response to a deeply distressing or disturbing event that overwhelms an individual’s ability to cope, causes feelings of helplessness, diminishes their sense of self, and their ability to feel the full range of emotions and experiences.
- Trauma can result from a range of events including accidents, natural disasters, war, personal loss, or any event that causes significant psychological distress.
Types of Trauma
- Acute Trauma: Results from a single incident, such as a car accident, a natural disaster, or a sudden loss. This type of trauma is typically associated with immediate and intense reactions.
- Chronic Trauma: Results from repeated and prolonged exposure to highly stressful events, such as domestic violence, bullying, or ongoing abuse. This can lead to long-term psychological issues.
- Complex Trauma: Involves exposure to multiple, often interrelated traumatic events, typically of an invasive, interpersonal nature. This is often seen in cases of child abuse, neglect, or prolonged exposure to domestic violence.
Common Sources of Trauma in Youth
- Family Instability: Includes divorce, parental substance abuse, or mental illness.
- Abuse and Neglect: Physical, emotional, sexual abuse, or neglect by caregivers.
- Bullying: Persistent peer victimization and social exclusion.
- Witnessing Violence: Observing domestic violence or community violence.
- Accidents and Natural Disasters: Experiencing or witnessing accidents or disasters.
- Loss and Grief: Death of a loved one, especially when sudden or unexpected.